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By the practice of asana the Yogi is supposed to secure immunity from certain diseases. By practicing successfully the two postures, Padmasana and Siddhasana, one can easily attain the 7th and 8th stages of Yoga, viz., Dhyana and Samadhi. The Siddhasana may be thus practised. Place the left heel under the anus and the right heel in front of the genitals; fix the sight upon the space between the eye brows, or the seat of the mental power, individuality, and, while in this motionless attitude, meditate upon the syllable Om (AUM), the frequent inaudible repetition of which is said to ensure release from worldly existence.

The second posture is the Padmasana, which is thus practiced. Place the left foot upon the right thigh, and the right foot upon the left thigh; hold with the right hand the right great toe, and with the left hand the left great toe, (the hands coming from behind the back and crossing each other); rest the chin on the interclavicles space, and fix the sight on the tip of the nose.

The Siddhasana and Padmasana are both tranquil and quiet postures, favouring a tranquil circulation and slow respiration. In these postures the Yogis sit and pronounce inaudibly the hypnotic syllable Om, and meditate upon it, in order to tranquillize circulation and retard the respiratory movements. By persevering practice, the Yogis prolong the duration of the abovenaraed postures, and, in proportion as they continue these attitudes, they diminish the quantity of their aliments. They reside in their subterranean retreats, called guphds, after they have become adept in the practice of these postures. There they live upon hybernal aliments, a circumstantial account of 'which has be en recorded in the preceding pages.

When a Yogi, by practice, is enabled to maintain himself in one of the abovementioned postures for the period of three hours, and to live upon a quantity of food proportional to the reduced condition of circulation and respiration, without inconvenience, he proceeds to the practice of Pranayama. This is the fourth stage or division of Yoga. It is the suspension of the respiratory movements, which the Yogis daily practice with a view to purging themselves from minor sins. Like the Himalayan marmot a Yogi lives in a subterranean retreat, which is contrived with great art, and consists of an oval cavern, large enough to contain two or three individuals, and having a narrow and long passage. The entrance to the gupha (cave) is very narrow, and is blocked up with clay when the Yogi attains to the state of Samadhi. While living in the gupha, the Yogi lives upon milk, of which he is extremely fond, and sits and lies upon kusa (a kind of grass), blankets, and skins of the stag. Breathing the confined atmosphere of a gupha possessing uniform temperature, he is not troubled by the vicissitudes of the weather to which others are liable.
 



A Yogi is directed to pronounce inaudibly the mantras, Bam, Sam, and Lam, 600 times. He then pronounces Bam, Bham, Mam, Yam, Ram, and Lam, 6000 times. He/she next pronounces Dam, Dham, Nam, Tarn, Tham, Dam, Dham, Nam, Pam, and Pham, 6000 times. He then pronounces inaudibly Kam, Kham, Gam, Gham, Nam, Cham, Chham, Jam, Jham, Nam, Tarn, and Tham. He then pronounces inaudibly Am, A'm, Im, I'm, Urn, U'm, Rim, Rim, Lrim, Lrim, Em, Aim, Om, Aum, Am, 6000 times. And lastly he utters inaudibly Hansa 2000 times. He follows this course of japa for some time, in order to reduce his respiration, and thereby enable himself to endure the privation of air for a time without inconvenience. Dr. Grant says that an animal whose respiration is small can endure the total privation of air for a certain period. He next practises the Yafmya'sana for the period of three months, in the following manner. He inspires through the left nostril, fills the stomach with the inspired air by the act of deglutition, suspends the breath, and then expires through the right nostril. He next inspires through the right nostril, swallows the inspired air, suspends the breath, and finally expires through the left nostril. By the practice of the Yamyasana the Yogi purifies his system, and is thereby enabled to swallow a large quantity of the inspired air.

Suspension of the breath, or Pranayama, cannot be practiced by a Yogi who eats more than enough or less than enough; who sleeps too much or who does not sleep at all. A person, who is moderate in eating, sleeping, and recreation and exercise, is qualified for the practice of Pranayama. He aims at a pure, sublime, and perfect devotion, unalloyed with all selfish considerations. He aspires to an entire disinterested love of God, with a view to obtaining beatitude, or emancipation from terrestrial bonds, technically called Moksha (liberation of the soul from the recyle of birth). With a view to purify his soul, a Yogi courts silence or taciturnity (maunavrata), tranquillity, repose, solitude, moderation in eating and sleeping ; turns away his eyes from terrestrial vanities, and practises the Pranayama. The following are the principal processes of Pranayama, selected from different authorities.

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